Articles
Longer explanations of the ideas behind 6G-RUPA.
Follow a ping through the layers
One ping, box by box, first inside one operator and then across two. In each box the packet climbs only as far as the first envelope that isn't addressed to it, and that's the one layer the box relays in.
5G already has layers. It just can't change their policies
Read as layers, the 5G user plane already has the shape 6G-RUPA builds on. Two things hold it back: a protocol split at the base station, and data transfer policies fixed by the standards.
Why the 5G core needs more memory for every new user
A 5G UPF keeps tunnel and forwarding state for every session it serves, so its tables grow with the number of users. 6G-RUPA forwards on addresses that name base stations instead, and the table stops caring how many phones sit behind them.
Understanding Network Slicing from the UPF Perspective
A practical explanation of what 3GPP network slicing changes (and what it does not) when you look at the user plane and the UPF.